[Purpose/significance] Based on the user perception theory, this paper analyzes and discusses the influencing factors of public archives service quality from the perspective of users, and builds a system model of influence factors of public archives service quality, to lay the foundation for the evaluation and optimization of service quality.[Method/process] Firstly, it takes an open questionnaire to archive users and interviews to archive professionals, analyzes the contents of questionnaire and interview, preliminarily extracts the influence factors of archive service quality, and then redesigns the questionnaire based on extraction results and data collection. Secondly, it constructs a system model of influence factors of public archives service quality with factor analysis, model building and correlation analysis and regression analysis. Thirdly, it analyzes each of various factors and the mechanism of interaction among various factors.[Result/conclusion] Six factors influencing public archive service quality are extracted by factor analysis, each of them is reflected with more specific observed variables, and the system model of influence factor is built. The regression results show the impact of various factors on the degree of service quality, then the mechanism of interaction among various factors is get according to characteristics of archives service practice.