[目的/意义]通过对情感负荷理论的内涵、应用及相关研究发现的分析和总结，为国内同行进一步开展研究设计提供参考和借鉴。[方法/过程]通过文献调研与分析，追溯情感负荷理论提出的背景，对理论内涵进行阐述。并且，从理论形成之前、理论提出以及后续应用3个阶段对相关实证研究进行梳理，分析了该理论的形成发展过程，指出未来进一步研究方向。[结果/结论]情感负荷理论综合认知科学、情感神经科学、情感控制论和情感计算等多学科思想，从社会生物信息技术框架角度系统考察信息行为过程中的用户情感。情感负荷是一种消极的情绪，主要是刺激、焦虑、挫折、愤怒4种消极情绪随着时间压力而产生的一种不确定性。该理论被应用于虚拟图书馆、社交媒体等情境下对用户信息行为的研究。最后，指出未来研究方向。
[Purpose/significance] By analyzing and summarizing the connotation, application and related findings of affective load theory, the paper aims to provide references to further domestic research design.[Method/process] Through literature research and analysis, this paper traces the background of affective load and states its theoretical connotation. It reviews the relevant empirical studies according to three stages, which are the stage of the germ of theory, the stage of theoretical proposition and the stage of subsequent application. The forming and developing process of the theory is analyzed and the future research directions are pointed out.[Result/conclusion] Affective load theory integrates multidisciplinary ideas of cognitive science, affective neuroscience, affect control theory and affective computing, it systematically examines users' sentiment in the process of informational behavior from the social-biological information technology model. Affective load is a negative emotion, which is a kind of uncertainty mainly resulting from the four negative emotions of irritation, anxiety, frustration and rage with time pressure. This negative emotion reduces the satisfaction of the user information utilization and also affects users' evaluation and acceptance of the information retrieval result. After affective load proposed, it was applied to different contexts such as virtual libraries, social media, daily information behavior.
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