[目的/意义] 叙事型文化遗产具有丰富的隐含知识与语义信息，仅采用图像、文字等数字化形式难以描述故事元素间复杂的关联与模糊语义，因此探究叙事型文化遗产的有效组织与表示具有重大研究意义。[方法/过程] 围绕叙事型文化遗产，利用语义数据模型提出基于角色关联的知识表示方式，构建具有多粒度、多角度且语义流畅的知识表示框架。此方法选取故事中的主要元素作为知识因子，通过聚集与特化的抽象关联关系表示知识因子间的角色关联，形成自然的图结构。[结果/结论] 基于角色关联的知识表示方式具有语义自然、可扩展性强、支持多样化检索等优势，可解决现有知识表示方法存在的角色缺乏情境依赖与表示角度单一问题。
[Purpose/significance] It is difficult to describe the complicated association and fuzzy semantics in narrative cultural heritage by only using images or files, because they have rich implicit knowledge and semantic information. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the effective organization and representation of narrative cultural heritage.[Method/process] This paper constructed a multi-granularity, multi-angle and semantic-fluent knowledge representation framework based on the role-link knowledge representation for the narrative cultural heritage. This representation selected the main elements of the story as knowledge factors. Aggregation and specialization were used to represent the role-link among knowledge factors. Finally, this paper formed the representation structure in a graph.[Result/conclusion] This method has the advantages of semantic nature, strong extensibility, support for diversified retrieval, and also solving problems such as the lack of context dependence, single representation perspective occurring in the existing knowledge representation method.
[1] TAN G, HAO T, ZHONG Z. A knowledge modeling framework for intangible cultural heritage based on ontology[EB/OL].[2016-11-10]. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5362170/.
[2] CHATEAU S, BOULANGER D. Managing the domain knowledge:application to cultural patrimony[J]. Knowledge management research & practice, 2012, 10(4):312-325.
[3] KAKALI C, LOURD I, STASINOPOULOU T, et al. Integrating dublin core metadata for cultural heritage collections using ontologies[EB/OL].[2016-12-13]. http://www.ics.forth.gr/_publications/871-871-1-PB-1.pdf.
[4] 郝挺雷. 传统节日知识本体的构建及表示方法研究[D]. 武汉:华中师范大学, 2011.
[5] 孙传明. 民俗舞蹈类非物质文化遗产数字化技术研究[D]. 武汉:华中师范大学, 2013.
[6] MANN C J H. The description logic handbook-theory, implementation and applications[J]. Kybernetes, 2003, 32(9/10):359-381.
[7] HIDDERS J. Typing graph-manipulation operations[EB/OL].[2016-12-06]. http://win.ua.ac.be/~adrem/bibrem/pubs/hidders.3.pdf.
[8] PECKHAM J, MARYANSKI F. Semantic data models[J]. ACM computing surveys, 1988, 20(3):153-189.
[9] URBAN S D, DELCAMBRE L.M.L. An analysis of the structural, dynamic, and temporal aspects of semantic data models[EB/OL].[2016-12-20]. http://omega.sp.susu.ru/books/acm_sigmod/vol2/is6/ICDE86/P382.pdf.
[10] CHENP S. The entity-relationship model-toward a unified view of data[J]. Readings in artificial intelligence & databases, 1989, 1(1):98-111.
[11] KERSCHBERG L, PACHECO J E S. A functional database model[EB/OL].[2016-12-20]. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/280624223_A_Functional_Database_Model.
[12] HAMMER M, MC LEOD D. Database description with SDM:a semantic database model[J]. ACM transactions on database systems, 1981, 6(3):351-386.
[13] HULL R, KING R. Semantic database modeling:survey, applications, and research issues[J]. ACM computing surveys, 1987, 19(3):201-260.
[14] BERLER M, EASTMAN J, JORDAN D, et al. The object data standard:ODMG 3.0[EB/OL].[2016-12-20]. http://globis.ethz.ch/files/2015/02/ODMG.pdf.
[15] GOTTLOB G, SCHREFL M, ROCK B. Extending object-oriented systems with roles[J]. ACM transactions on information systems, 1995, 14(3):268-296.
[16] SCIORE E. Object specialization[J]. ACM transactions on information systems, 1989, 7(2):103-122.
[17] DAHCHOUR M, PIROTTE A, ZIMANYI E. A role model and its metaclass implementation[J]. Information systems, 2004, 29(3):235-270.
[18] DAHCHOUR M, PIROTTE A, ZIMANYI E. A generic role model for dynamic objects[EB/OL].[2016-12-23]. http://helios.mm.di.uoa.gr/~rouvas/ssi/caise2002/23480643.pdf.
[19] BERTINO E, GUERRINI G. Objects with multiple most specific classes[EB/OL].[2016-12-27]. http://www. researchgate.net/publication/221496209_Objects_with_Multiple_Most_Specific_Classes.
[20] 胡婕. 面向复杂关系和上下文语境信息的模型研究[D]. 武汉:武汉大学, 2010.
[21] 王知津.知识组织理论与方法[M].北京:知识产权出版社,2009:18-19.
